When counting respirations for vital signs, which procedure is correct?

• A. Count for 30 seconds and multiply by 2.
• B. Record respiration rate within plus or minus 2 breaths of evaluator's reading and count for one full minute.
• C. Explain to the client that you will count respirations.
• D. Watch the chest movement for two minutes without counting breaths aloud.

Answer: (B)

Counting respirations accurately hinges on watching for a full minute because breathing can vary in pace and rhythm from moment to moment. A full-minute count captures any short pauses or fluctuations, giving a true rate rather than an estimate. When you record the rate, aim to document it within about two breaths of the actual rate, which helps ensure reliability between observers. Shorter counts, like 30 seconds, assume a steady rhythm and can misrepresent the rate if breathing isn't perfectly regular. Explaining to the patient beforehand can alter their breathing, and simply watching chest movement for two minutes without counting breaths won’t yield a numerical rate. Counting for a full minute and documenting the rate precisely is the correct approach.