During ROM for hip, knee, and ankle, what should you do to protect the heel?

• A. Move residents hip and knee through ROM with flexion/extension.
• B. Support extremity to prevent heel friction against the mattress during ROM exercises.
• C. Move foot toward head while keeping the heel on the mattress.
• D. Move the hip only in abduction.

Answer: (B)

Protecting the heel during ROM is about preventing friction and pressure that can injure the skin. As you move the hip, knee, and ankle, the heel can rub against the mattress, which risks skin breakdown. To prevent this, support the leg so the heel doesn’t press or slide on the bed. Cradle the leg, use a small pillow or pad under the leg, and move with smooth, gentle motions while keeping the heel off the mattress. This helps maintain skin integrity and reduces injury risk during the exercises.