During passive range of motion for the knee and ankle, which statement is correct?

• A. Move joints gently, slowly, and smoothly through the range of motion, discontinuing if the client verbalizes pain.
• B. Move the joints rapidly to complete the exercise quickly.
• C. Force the joint beyond the client's pain to maximize movement.
• D. Hold the joint in one position for several seconds.

Answer: (A)

In passive range of motion, the caregiver moves the joint for the client with the goal of preserving flexibility and preventing contractures, while monitoring comfort. The best approach is to move the knee and ankle gently, slowly, and smoothly through the available range and to stop if the client expresses pain. This protects tissues, allows evaluation of tolerance, and reduces the risk of injury.

Moving rapidly can cause tissue damage and discomfort, and it doesn’t give the caregiver a chance to monitor the client's response. Forcing the joint beyond what the client can tolerate risks injury and aggravates the problem. Holding the joint in one position for several seconds limits movement and can contribute to stiffness; PROM aims to maintain or improve range by continuous, controlled movement through the joints' limits.